Pope Francis arrives in the Paul VI Hall at the Vatican for his weekly general audience Picture by Alessandra Tarantino/AP
Pope Francis will make the first papal trip to Ireland in almost 40 years, visiting Dublin August 25th and 26th for a Church meeting on families.
It is expected that he will travel to Armagh, Ireland’s ecclesiastical capital, when he visits.
There has been strong speculation that the pontiff will visit the city’s Catholic and Anglican cathedrals and hold an open-air Mass.
The Irish Catholic Bishops’ Conference said in a statement that the Pope will attend part of the 9th World Meeting of Families which will take place from 21 – 26 August in Dublin.
It said Pope Francis (81) will arrive in Dublin on Saturday, August 25th and will take part in the Festival of Families in Croke Park. The next day, Sunday August 26th, Pope Francis will be the chief celebrant at mass in the PhoenixPark and this event will bring to a conclusion the World Meeting of Families 2018.
Full details of the papal schedule will be released at a later date.
The bishops said: “We eagerly await the visit of Pope Francis which no doubt will be an occasion of spiritual renewal for our laity, religious and clergy as well as a strengthening of Christian family life.”
Just as Dickens tackled the jungle of publishing in his day, the time has come for online communication to be regulated
‘There never was a king or emperor upon the earth, so cheered and followed by crowds.” Thus wrote Charles Dickens describing his reception in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1842. Yet while the author was thrilled by the love shown him in the United States, he was also agitated by it.
He was well aware that one cause of the enthusiasm was that his work was being read by a mass audience, obtaining volumes at very low prices. And the reason for these low prices was that Dickens wasn’t getting royalties. His cheering fans were reading pirate copies.
Dickens made intellectual property rights one of the causes of his life. He dedicated The Pickwick Papers to a politician who championed the first copyright law. He endured a fair amount of criticism in the US from people who thought he was restricting freedom and abusing American values and culture. But ultimately he succeeded.
In his last years and after his death, a combination of social and political pressure, economic self-interest and law-making turned the jungle of publishing into a regulated and reasonably law-abiding industry.
We have reached the Dickens in America stage of the internet and social media. The case for law and social norms has become overwhelming.
Almost every story about online behaviour seems to be a negative one. A story about grooming, data theft, bullying, suicide, fake news, authoritarian manipulation and on and on. So it is worth dwelling on the counter case. The internet and social media are a great gift to mankind and we are all fortunate to live in the online age.
The argument for a self-confident approach to regulation rests on the fact that we have so much to gain from the internet. It’s not just that we can’t switch it off, but more that we wouldn’t want to.
In the past 200 years, literacy rates have risen dramatically, producing and exploiting an explosion of knowledge and information. Now this information has become widely available, with all the advantges you might imagine.
The rise of this newspaper owed a great deal to the ability of The Times to get the Post Office to deliver foreign dispatches and publications to its offices before others received them. There were frequent disputes over priority and payment, often involving changing relations with the government of the day and officials. And few, including the newspaper’s own staff, could check that the information provided was true. Accidental fake news was common and accountability rare.
The internet and social media undermine attempts by any organisation or government to control the flow of information. They are an immense aid to liberty and accountability, spreading power to every person who has a connected device. To read a copy of The Times today and 50 years ago is to be struck by just how much more writers and editors now know, how much surer we can be of our facts, how much more we can convey to readers.
It is true that people spend a lot of time online, but much of that is communicating with others. Those who regard it as gormless used to say the same about television which brought entertainment and information into so many homes. They forget about the sheer boredom (by coincidence, a word popularised by Dickens) of life for many before those developments.
What, though, about the idea that social media are hacking away at our political life, producing polarisation? The idea that we are listening only to people who agree with us and tuning out others? In his recent book Everybody Lies, Seth Stephens-Davidowitz argues that the opposite may well be the case. He cites a range of studies with this common feature: you are more likely to encounter someone with opposing views online and share information than you are with people in the rest of your life. Your family, neighbours and workplace are more politically homogeneous. We have more Facebook friends than real ones. Online we encounter more diverse contacts.
This may be the reason why online abuse has shocked so many people. Political abuse has always gone on but victims used not to know what their attackers thought or how they expressed themselves.
While social media are often a boon, online abuse, fake news, privacy breaches remain serious problems. In fact we have been so dazzled by technological development that we have often thought of online communication as another world. As if libel isn’t real if it’s on Twitter. Or Holocaust denial doesn’t matter as much if it’s on Facebook. There’s an idea that it’s simply freedom and we can’t do anything about it.
This is not true. Under political and social pressure, Google, Twitter and Facebook have recently been shifted from their absolutist belief that anything goes. They have begun to accept some of the obligations of publishers and have started to act against abuse. We have our foot in the door. They can be pushed much further. They shouldn’t make money out of hateful or libellous content. They shouldn’t profit from fake news. They shouldn’t abet deeply antisocial behaviour. A combination of the law and social pressure should prevent this.
I am a strong believer in free speech but the social and legal rules that govern paper and ink can’t just stop with pixels. The attempt by the senators Amy Klobuchar and John McCain to pass an Honest Ads Act in the US is an example. This would apply online some of the rules governing campaign advertisements on television and in newsprint, including requirements to disclose who has paid for them. Matt Hancock, the culture secretary here, is right to press on with age verification and other methods to help ensure children access age appropriate content.
Of course the sheer volume of online information makes the task of regulation hard and provides many ways of avoiding the law or ignoring good practice. But the inability to make things perfect doesn’t mean we can’t make things a lot better. The sheer concentration of the market on big companies like Google and Facebook is a help. As is the ability of artificial intelligence to assist them reviewing content.
There comes a moment, as with Dickens and copyright, as with Teddy Roosevelt and the railroads and American robber barons, where a new market is mature enough and powerful enough that it needs new rules. This moment has come for online communication.
Let’s rejoice at the era we live in but let’s show a little grit and determination too.
Martin McGuinness built the institutions up, then brought them crashing down … but the truth is, without him, unionism has a problem
A year after the former Deputy First Minister’s death there remains a vacuum at the heart of power-sharing and no realistic prospect of filling it, writes Alex Kane
11Martin McGuinness
About a year-and-a-half before Martin McGuinness died, a leading member of the DUP explained his importance to the peace process generally and the DUP/Sinn Fein relationship in particular: “Martin looks upon (Nelson) Mandela as a role model. He is serious about reaching out to unionism and trying to understand the problems we face. He was serious about working with (Ian) Paisley. He is serious about working with Peter (Robinson). He obviously wants a united Ireland, but I think he’s probably willing to let it wait until the circumstances are right for all sides. The relationship hasn’t been perfect and has required a lot of behind-the-scenes hard work from both him and Peter; but I’ll tell you this, we couldn’t have got this far without McGuinness fronting for Sinn Fein. Once he goes, unionism will have a problem.”
That conversation took place on September 14, 2015, a few days after Arlene Foster – standing in for Peter Robinson as First Minister – had said in an interview with BBC Northern Ireland’s Mark Carruthers: “I have been placed there as a gatekeeper to make sure that Sinn Fein and SDLP ministers don’t take actions that will damage Northern Ireland and principally, let’s be honest, that damage the unionist community. If anybody knows me… they know that I’m not going to put at risk to the people of Northern Ireland the possibility that rogue Sinn Fein or renegade SDLP ministers are going to take decisions that will harm the community in Northern Ireland.”
That interview angered Sinn Fein, particularly at grassroots level. It also angered McGuinness. Rumours were already flying that Robinson would be standing down as DUP leader and First Minister (he was gone from both roles four months later) and the odds seemed to favour Foster as his successor, although Nigel Dodds was also a contender. Who the DUP chose mattered, primarily, because of the importance of sustaining a good working relationship with McGuinness.
One sensed from the outset that the McGuinness/Foster relationship was a difficult one. Within a matter of months there was an Assembly election – a very strong performance from the DUP – followed by the formation of an Executive in which, for the first time, the DUP and Sinn Fein (with the exception of Justice) found themselves locked together.
They brought in a new director of communications to ensure that internal and external difficulties were monitored and contained and, on November 21, 2016, issued a joint article in which they claimed that their joint relationship was strong and that they were bound together on delivering good government for Northern Ireland.
Yet, within days, it was clear that Sinn Fein’s grassroots were not happy with what looked like an “overly comfortable” relationship with Foster. They didn’t like her. In fairness, deep down they didn’t like Robinson all that much either, but they did have a grudging respect for him. It was also true that McGuinness and Robinson had a respect for each other. But it was different with Foster.
Yet, even when the RHI story broke in early December, McGuinness was still prepared to offer Foster the lifeline of standing aside for a few weeks. Her refusal to take it was to be the final straw.
His illness played a part in what followed – resignation was the only option available – yet illness alone doesn’t fully explain the sheer anger and frustration of his resignation letter. In essence, he felled the Assembly and Executive. He blew apart the fiction of a comfortable relationship between himself and Foster. He finally admitted what some of us had been saying for years, namely that there were huge, unresolved internal tensions between both parties.
Crucially, he was saying that he had gone as far as he could go with the DUP. And, in saying that, he left the door open for his successor to set out the “no return to the status quo” mantra. Because, as we now know, the status quo seems to have involved McGuinness being instrumental in keeping Sinn Fein in the process even though – while he was able to work with Paisley and Robinson – the party grassroots and inner circles harboured grave doubts about the DUP’s overall commitment to working with it.
Some people in the DUP – and other sections of unionism – have told me that they think that a “sick, dying McGuinness” was manipulated into writing a ferocious letter by Gerry Adams, the argument being that Adams believed unionism had been weakened and republicanism strengthened by the fallout from Brexit.
They think he wanted to force an election, because they also think that he sensed that Foster had damaged herself over RHI, that her unpopularity across nationalism would help Sinn Fein (and this was before the “crocodile” comment) and that a wave of sympathy for the very ill McGuinness would also galvanise Sinn Fein’s support.
I’m not entirely persuaded by that argument. But I do think that the respect in which republicans – even those who didn’t normally vote for Sinn Fein – held McGuinness was such that the palpable anger of his resignation letter made them rally to the party.
Yes, the “crocodile” stuff was an electoral bonus, but the sense I had at the time – during the March 2017 Assembly election – was that this, as one Sinn Fein MLA put it to me, was: “All about Martin. All about a man who had done his best to reach out to unionism and shore up the peace process.”
McGuinness’s absence has left a huge hole in local politics. There is no one – and I really do mean no one – within Sinn Fein’s ranks with the clout he had. Whatever unionists may think of McGuinness – and many of them hated and still hate him – he did have an insight into what made unionists tick.
He talked, he read and he listened. He made a point of quiet conversations with people within the unionist community. It would be nonsense to claim that he had any sympathy for unionism or for unionists as a political class. That said, I think he did understand that unionism was, unlike Sinn Fein, a diverse, complicated entity that remained on a difficult journey.
Yet, when all is said and done, his final political act was to bring down the Assembly and Executive. More than that, he also chose to put the full weight of his boot into the DUP, holding it personally responsible for creating obstacles and hindering progress.
And therein lies the ultimate irony. The man who did so much to prop up the institutions and take the DUP on trust was the man who brought them down and left a new chasm between both parties.
The DUP source I quoted at the start was right. McGuinness is gone. And unionism has a problem.
CAPITOL HILL. Thursday, March 22, 2018— Irish-Americans all across the United States welcome the Congressional Hearing “The Good Friday Agreement at 20: Achievements and Unfinished Business,” by the Helsinki Commission, under Co-Chairman Congressman Chris Smith (R-NJ). The Congressman has a unique and entirely admirable record of holding Human Rights Hearings on Northern Ireland.
Fr. Sean McManus— President of the Capitol Hill-based Irish National Caucus— said: “While, indeed, the Good Friday Agreement has been a profound source for good in Northern Ireland, sadly, its full potential has been vitiated because the British Government and the Unionist/Loyalist/ ‘Protestant’ parties have reneged on their promises—most notably on legacy issues, respect for the Irish language and the 50/50 Protestant-Catholic recruitment policy for the Police Service for Northern Ireland.”
Fr. Mc Manus continued: “As if all this were not bad enough, the whole political ethos has been poisoned by the extreme English nationalism of Brexit, which has the potential of destabilizing the Good Friday Agreement. Brexit’s danger of reestablishing a ‘hard’ Border must be of deep concern. As someone who grew up near the Fermanagh Border with the Irish Republic, I learned to hate that damn Border which not only undemocratically and artificially divided my country but also my home parish of Kinawley. To me and to all Catholics, the Border —imposed by the British ‘Government of Ireland Act, 1920’—was THE metaphor for all that was unjust about the partition of Ireland: the denial of national self-determination, the violation of Ireland’s sovereignty, the gerrymander that made all gerrymandering within the new artificial State possible, anti-Catholic discrimination and repressive legislation, backed up by an almost all-Protestant police force.”
Fr. Mc Manus concluded: “However, out of darkness can come light. The folly of Brexit has brought the ridiculousness of the British-imposed Border back into stark relief, making it evident before the whole world. It elucidates and vindicates the Banner carried last week in St. Patrick’s Day parades all across the United States: ‘England Get Out of Ireland.’ (One can hardly blame Scotland or Wales). However—pending the inevitable re-unification of Ireland— the Beloved Community must be built up in Northern Ireland based generously and willingly on the Good Friday Agreement.”